Computer-related full forms are short forms or abbreviations commonly used in computers and technology, such as CPU, RAM, USB, and OS. These terms are part of everyday computer usage and are frequently seen in textbooks, exams, and digital devices.
Students and learners often search for computer full forms to understand technical terms easily, prepare for school exams, competitive tests, and interviews, or build a strong foundation in basic computer knowledge.
This A–Z list of computer-related full forms is designed to help you quickly find meanings, revise important terms, and improve your understanding of computers in a simple and organized way.
A – Computer Related Full Forms
- AI – Artificial Intelligence
- ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit
- API – Application Programming Interface
- ASCII – American Standard Code for Information Interchange
- ARPANET – Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
- ADB – Android Debug Bridge
- ACL – Access Control List
- AES – Advanced Encryption Standard
- APK – Android Package Kit
- ASIC – Application-Specific Integrated Circuit
- ATM – Automated Teller Machine
- AMD – Advanced Micro Devices
- ANSI – American National Standards Institute
- ASP – Active Server Pages
- AJAX – Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
- APU – Accelerated Processing Unit
- ADSL – Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
- AUP – Acceptable Use Policy
- ASCII – American Standard Code for Information Interchange
- AUTOCAD – Automatic Computer-Aided Design
B – Computer Related Full Forms
- BIOS – Basic Input Output System
- Bit – Binary Digit
- Byte – Group of 8 Bits
- BPS – Bits Per Second
- BLOB – Binary Large Object
- BASIC – Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
- Bluetooth – Short-Range Wireless Communication Technology
- Booting – Process of Starting a Computer
- Bandwidth – Data Transfer Capacity of a Network
- Browser – Software Used to Access Websites
- Backdoor – Hidden Method to Access a System
- Backup – Copy of Data Stored for Safety
- Batch File – File Containing Multiple Commands
- Benchmark – Performance Measurement Standard
- Bitrate – Amount of Data Transferred Per Second
C – Computer Related Full Forms
- CPU – Central Processing Unit
- COMPUTER – Common Operating Machine Purposely Used for Technological and Educational Research
- CD – Compact Disc
- CAD – Computer-Aided Design
- CAM – Computer-Aided Manufacturing
- CLI – Command Line Interface
- CMOS – Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
- CISC – Complex Instruction Set Computer
- CRC – Cyclic Redundancy Check
- CSS – Cascading Style Sheets
- CPU Cache – High-Speed Memory Close to CPU
- Cloud Computing – Internet-Based Computing Services
- Compiler – Program That Converts Source Code to Machine Code
- Cookie – Small Data File Stored by Websites
- CRT – Cathode Ray Tube
D – Computer Related Full Forms
- DBMS – Database Management System
- Data – Raw Facts and Information
- Desktop – Personal Computer for Desk Use
- DOS – Disk Operating System
- DVD – Digital Versatile Disc
- DPI – Dots Per Inch
- DNS – Domain Name System
- DHCP – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
- DRAM – Dynamic Random Access Memory
- DDoS – Distributed Denial of Service
- Download – Transfer Data from Internet to Device
- Debugger – Tool Used to Find and Fix Errors
- Data Mining – Process of Extracting Useful Information
- Disk – Storage Medium
- Driver – Software That Controls Hardware Devices
E – Computer Related Full Forms
- Email – Electronic Mail
- EPROM – Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
- EEPROM – Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
- E-Commerce – Electronic Commerce
- Ethernet – Local Area Networking Technology
- Encryption – Process of Securing Data
- Executable File – File That Can Run a Program
- Extension – File Name Suffix
- Error – Fault in Program or System
- Edge Computing – Data Processing Near the Source
- E-Learning – Electronic Learning
- Emulator – Software That Imitates Another System
- Excel – Microsoft Spreadsheet Software
- Endpoint – Device Connected to a Network
- E-Wallet – Electronic Wallet
F – Computer Related Full Forms
- FTP – File Transfer Protocol
- File – Collection of Related Data
- Firewall – Network Security System
- Folder – Container Used to Store Files
- Format – Process of Preparing Storage Media
- Firmware – Software Embedded in Hardware
- Function – Block of Reusable Code
- Frame – Unit of Data Transmission
- FAT – File Allocation Table
- Fetch – Process of Retrieving Data
- Freeware – Software Available at No Cost
- Floating Point – Number with Decimal Values
- Font – Style and Size of Text
- Flash Drive – Portable Storage Device
- Full Stack – Frontend and Backend Development
G – Computer Related Full Forms
- GPU – Graphics Processing Unit
- GUI – Graphical User Interface
- GB – Gigabyte
- GIGO – Garbage In, Garbage Out
- GPRS – General Packet Radio Service
- GIF – Graphics Interchange Format
- Gmail – Google Mail
- Gateway – Network Access Point
- Google Drive – Cloud Storage Service
- Gigahertz (GHz) – Unit of Processor Speed
- Grid Computing – Distributed Computing System
- Geo-tagging – Adding Location Data to Files
- Graphics Card – Hardware for Visual Output
- Google Chrome – Web Browser
- Groupware – Collaborative Software
H – Computer Related Full Forms
- HTML – HyperText Markup Language
- HTTP – HyperText Transfer Protocol
- HTTPS – HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure
- HDD – Hard Disk Drive
- Hardware – Physical Components of a Computer
- Hotspot – Wireless Internet Access Point
- Hyperlink – Clickable Link Between Web Pages
- Host – Computer That Provides Services on a Network
- Hub – Network Connection Device
- Hybrid Computer – Combination of Analog and Digital Computer
- Hashing – Process of Converting Data into Fixed-Length Code
- High-Level Language – Programming Language Easy to Read
- Header – Information at the Start of Data
- Home Page – Main Page of a Website
- Hibernation – Power-Saving Mode of Computer
I – Computer Related Full Forms
- IP – Internet Protocol
- ISP – Internet Service Provider
- Input – Data Entered into a Computer
- I/O – Input / Output
- IC – Integrated Circuit
- IDE – Integrated Development Environment
- IMAP – Internet Message Access Protocol
- IoT – Internet of Things
- Image – Visual Representation of Data
- Index – Data Structure for Fast Search
- Installer – Program That Installs Software
- Interface – Point of Interaction Between Systems
- Internet – Interconnected Network of Computers
- Instruction – Command Given to Computer
- Iteration – Repeated Execution of Instructions
J – Computer Related Full Forms
- Java – Programming Language
- JavaScript – Scripting Language for Web Development
- JPEG – Joint Photographic Experts Group
- JRE – Java Runtime Environment
- JDK – Java Development Kit
- JSON – JavaScript Object Notation
- JVM – Java Virtual Machine
- Joystick – Input Device
- Jitter – Variation in Network Delay
- Job – Task Executed by a Computer
- Join – Database Operation to Combine Tables
- Java Applet – Small Java Program
- JQuery – JavaScript Library
- Jupyter Notebook – Interactive Coding Environment
- Just-In-Time (JIT) – Compilation Technique
K – Computer Related Full Forms
- KB – Kilobyte
- Kernel – Core Part of an Operating System
- Keyboard – Input Device
- Kbps – Kilobits Per Second
- KVM – Keyboard, Video, Mouse
- KDE – K Desktop Environment
- Keylogger – Software That Records Keystrokes
- Keystroke – Key Press Action
- Knowledge Base – Stored Information System
- KNN – K-Nearest Neighbors
- Kubernetes – Container Orchestration Platform
- Keyword – Word Used for Search
- Keyframe – Animation Reference Frame
- Kerberos – Network Authentication Protocol
- Kiosk – Public Access Computer System
L – Computer Related Full Forms
- LAN – Local Area Network
- LCD – Liquid Crystal Display
- LED – Light Emitting Diode
- LIFO – Last In, First Out
- LOS – Line of Sight
- LBA – Logical Block Addressing
- LVM – Logical Volume Manager
- LSP – Layered Service Provider
- LDAP – Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
- LTE – Long Term Evolution
- LPI – Linux Professional Institute
- LZ – Lempel–Ziv (Compression Algorithm)
- LLC – Logical Link Control
- LPT – Line Print Terminal
- LSB – Least Significant Bit
M – Computer Related Full Forms
- MB – Megabyte
- MHz – Megahertz
- MAC – Media Access Control
- MAN – Metropolitan Area Network
- MIME – Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
- MODEM – Modulator Demodulator
- MIPS – Million Instructions Per Second
- MMU – Memory Management Unit
- MSB – Most Significant Bit
- MPEG – Moving Picture Experts Group
- MVC – Model View Controller
- MFA – Multi-Factor Authentication
- MTU – Maximum Transmission Unit
- MD5 – Message Digest Algorithm 5
- ML – Machine Learning
N – Computer Related Full Forms
- NIC – Network Interface Card
- NAT – Network Address Translation
- NOS – Network Operating System
- NTP – Network Time Protocol
- NFC – Near Field Communication
- NAS – Network Attached Storage
- NFS – Network File System
- NLP – Natural Language Processing
- NTFS – New Technology File System
- NUMA – Non-Uniform Memory Access
- NVMe – Non-Volatile Memory Express
- NVRAM – Non-Volatile Random Access Memory
- NACK – Negative Acknowledgement
- Node.js (Node) – JavaScript Runtime Environment
- NPU – Neural Processing Unit
O – Computer Related Full Forms
- OS – Operating System
- OCR – Optical Character Recognition
- ODBC – Open Database Connectivity
- OEM – Original Equipment Manufacturer
- OOP – Object-Oriented Programming
- OTA – Over-The-Air
- OLAP – Online Analytical Processing
- OLTP – Online Transaction Processing
- ONU – Optical Network Unit
- ONT – Optical Network Terminal
- OOM – Out Of Memory
- ORACLE – Object-Relational Architecture for Logical Entities
- OSPF – Open Shortest Path First
- OTP – One-Time Password
- OPEX – Operating Expenditure
P – Computer Related Full Forms
- PC – Personal Computer
- PDF – Portable Document Format
- PHP – Hypertext Preprocessor
- PNG – Portable Network Graphics
- POST – Power-On Self Test
- PPT – PowerPoint Presentation
- P2P – Peer-to-Peer
- PaaS – Platform as a Service
- PAN – Personal Area Network
- PCI – Peripheral Component Interconnect
- PCIe – Peripheral Component Interconnect Express
- PSU – Power Supply Unit
- POS – Point of Sale
- PPP – Point-to-Point Protocol
- PDU – Power Distribution Unit
Q – Computer Related Full Forms
- QR – Quick Response
- QoS – Quality of Service
- QPS – Queries Per Second
- QEMU – Quick Emulator
- QNX – Unix-Like Real-Time Operating System
- QPI – QuickPath Interconnect
- QAM – Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
- QKD – Quantum Key Distribution
- QOS – Quality of Service
- QSA – Qualified Security Assessor
- QAT – Quick Assist Technology
- QPU – Quantum Processing Unit
R – Computer Related Full Forms
- RAM – Random Access Memory
- ROM – Read Only Memory
- RDBMS – Relational Database Management System
- RAID – Redundant Array of Independent Disks
- RGB – Red Green Blue
- RIP – Routing Information Protocol
- RDP – Remote Desktop Protocol
- RPC – Remote Procedure Call
- REST – Representational State Transfer
- RSA – Rivest–Shamir–Adleman
- RTOS – Real-Time Operating System
- RSS – Really Simple Syndication
- ROI – Return on Investment
- ROM – Read Only Memory
- RPM – Revolutions Per Minute
S – Computer Related Full Forms
- SEO – Search Engine Optimization
- SSD – Solid State Drive
- SQL – Structured Query Language
- SMTP – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
- SNMP – Simple Network Management Protocol
- SSH – Secure Shell
- SSL – Secure Sockets Layer
- SOAP – Simple Object Access Protocol
- SaaS – Software as a Service
- SAN – Storage Area Network
- SFTP – Secure File Transfer Protocol
- SDK – Software Development Kit
- SLA – Service Level Agreement
- SRAM – Static Random Access Memory
- SPAM – Sending and Posting Advertisement in Mass
T – Computer Related Full Forms
- TCP – Transmission Control Protocol
- TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
- TB – Terabyte
- TFT – Thin Film Transistor
- TTL – Time To Live
- TLD – Top-Level Domain
- TLS – Transport Layer Security
- TPM – Trusted Platform Module
- TOS – Terms of Service
- TDD – Test-Driven Development
- TWRP – Team Win Recovery Project
- Token – Authentication Credential
- Thread – Smallest Unit of CPU Execution
- Throughput – Rate of Data Transfer
- Timestamp – Time Recorded for an Event
U – Computer Related Full Forms
- UI – User Interface
- URL – Uniform Resource Locator
- USB – Universal Serial Bus
- UPS – Uninterruptible Power Supply
- UAT – User Acceptance Testing
- UDP – User Datagram Protocol
- UML – Unified Modeling Language
- UID – Unique Identifier
- UUID – Universally Unique Identifier
- UEFI – Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
- UTF – Unicode Transformation Format
- UHF – Ultra High Frequency
- UNIX – Uniplexed Information and Computing System
- UTP – Unshielded Twisted Pair
- URLLC – Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication
V – Computer Related Full Forms
- VPN – Virtual Private Network
- VPS – Virtual Private Server
- VDI – Virtual Desktop Infrastructure
- VM – Virtual Machine
- VLAN – Virtual Local Area Network
- VoIP – Voice over Internet Protocol
- VGA – Video Graphics Array
- VR – Virtual Reality
- VLSI – Very Large Scale Integration
- VCS – Version Control System
- VNC – Virtual Network Computing
- VBR – Variable Bit Rate
- VHD – Virtual Hard Disk
- VMM – Virtual Machine Monitor
- VPNaaS – Virtual Private Network as a Service
W – Computer Related Full Forms
- WWW – World Wide Web
- Wi-Fi – Wireless Fidelity
- WAN – Wide Area Network
- WLAN – Wireless Local Area Network
- WAP – Wireless Access Point
- WEP – Wired Equivalent Privacy
- WPA – Wi-Fi Protected Access
- WPA2 – Wi-Fi Protected Access 2
- WPA3 – Wi-Fi Protected Access 3
- WHOIS – Domain Registration Information Protocol
- WYSIWYG – What You See Is What You Get
- WebRTC – Web Real-Time Communication
- WAF – Web Application Firewall
- WMV – Windows Media Video
- WMI – Windows Management Instrumentation
X – Computer Related Full Forms
- XML – Extensible Markup Language
- XHTML – Extensible HyperText Markup Language
- XSS – Cross-Site Scripting
- XOR – Exclusive OR
- XPS – XML Paper Specification
- XAMPP – Cross-Platform, Apache, MySQL, PHP, Perl
- XDR – Extended Detection and Response
- XFS – Extended File System
- XSL – Extensible Stylesheet Language
- XSLT – Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations
Y – Computer Related Full Forms
- Y2K – Year 2000
- YAML – YAML Ain’t Markup Language
- YARN – Yet Another Resource Negotiator
- YMODEM – Yamaha Modem Protocol
- YUV – Luminance and Chrominance Color Format
- YCbCr – Luma and Chroma Color Space
- YAG – Yttrium Aluminum Garnet
- YACC – Yet Another Compiler Compiler
Z – Computer Related Full Forms
- ZIP – Zone Improvement Plan (commonly used for compressed file format)
- ZIF – Zero Insertion Force
- ZB – Zettabyte
- ZSH – Z Shell
- ZFS – Zettabyte File System
- ZKP – Zero Knowledge Proof
- ZCL – Zigbee Cluster Library
- ZTP – Zero Touch Provisioning
- ZRAM – Compressed RAM Disk
- Z-Wave – Wireless Communication Protocol
Important Computer Related Full Forms
General / Core Computing
- CPU Cache – Central Processing Unit Cache
- FLOPS – Floating Point Operations Per Second
- IPS – Instructions Per Second
- POSTMAN – API Testing Tool (not an acronym, often mistaken)
- ISA – Instruction Set Architecture
Networking & Internet
- BGP – Border Gateway Protocol
- CIDR – Classless Inter-Domain Routing
- CSMA/CD – Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
- ICMP – Internet Control Message Protocol
- IGMP – Internet Group Management Protocol
- MPLS – Multiprotocol Label Switching
- POP3 – Post Office Protocol Version 3
Security & Cybersecurity
- IDS – Intrusion Detection System
- IPS – Intrusion Prevention System
- SIEM – Security Information and Event Management
- SOC – Security Operations Center
- PKI – Public Key Infrastructure
- HMAC – Hash-based Message Authentication Code
Programming & Development
- IDEA – Integrated Development Environment Architecture
- OOPs – Object-Oriented Programming System
- SDKMAN – Software Development Kit Manager
- CLI – Command Line Interface (already used once, often missed in lists)
- MVC – Model View Controller (sometimes skipped in basics lists)
Databases & Data
- ETL – Extract, Transform, Load
- ACID – Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
- OLTP – Online Transaction Processing (included once, but often expanded with ACID)
- DW – Data Warehouse
Cloud & Modern Tech
- IaaS – Infrastructure as a Service
- CaaS – Containers as a Service
- FaaS – Function as a Service
- SRE – Site Reliability Engineering
Hardware & Electronics
- SoC – System on a Chip
- FPGA – Field Programmable Gate Array
- DAC – Digital to Analog Converter
- ADC – Analog to Digital Converter
File Formats & Media
- AVI – Audio Video Interleave
- MP3 – MPEG Audio Layer III
- MP4 – MPEG-4 Part 14
- CSV – Comma-Separated Values
How to Remember Computer Related Full Forms Easily
Remembering computer full forms becomes easier when you follow a structured approach instead of memorizing everything at once.
- Group similar terms:
Learn related abbreviations together, such as networking terms (LAN, WAN, IP), storage terms (RAM, ROM, HDD), and security terms (VPN, SSL, firewall). Grouping helps the brain connect concepts faster. - Revise using A–Z order:
Studying full forms in alphabetical order creates a clear mental map and makes revision quicker, especially before exams. - Practice with flashcards:
Write the abbreviation on one side and the full form on the other. Regular flashcard practice improves recall and long-term memory. - Focus on frequently used abbreviations first:
Start with common and exam-important terms like CPU, RAM, OS, and USB before moving on to advanced abbreviations.
